Okwu mmalite

Nnukwu ihe oyiyi ọlana-amanye ọrụ nka nke na-enye nlebara anya. Ha na-abụkarị ogologo ndụ ma ọ bụ buru ibu, a pụghịkwa ịgọnarị ịdị ebube ha. Ihe oyiyi ndị a, bụ́ ndị e ji ọla kọpa na gbamgbam gbazere, bụ́ ọla kọpa mee, bụ ndị a maara maka ịdịte aka na ịma mma ha.

Emeela ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla kọpa dị egwu kemgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ, a na-ahụkwa ha n'ogige ọha n'ụwa niile. A na-ejikarị ha echeta ihe omume ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ dị mkpa, a pụkwara iji ha mee ka ịma mma n'ọhụụ obodo dị mfe.

Mgbe ị na-ahụ nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla kọpa, ọ na-esiri gị ike ịghara ịtụ ụjọ n'ihi oke na ike ya. Ihe oyiyi ndị a bụ ihe akaebe nke mmụọ mmadụ ma kpalie anyị ka anyị rọrọ nrọ.

Mkpa ihe mere eme nke ihe ọkpụkpụ dị egwu

Ọkpụkpụ ihe atụ nwere nnukwu mkpa akụkọ ihe mere eme n'ofe mmepeanya dị iche iche, na-eje ozi dị ka ngosipụta a na-ahụ anya nke omenala, okpukperechi na echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Site na mmepeanya oge ochie dị ka Egypt, Mesopotemia, na Gris ruo na Renaissance na karịa, ihe osise ndị dị egwu ahapụla akara a na-apụghị ịzọchapụ anya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmadụ. Ọkpụkpụ ihe atụ nwere nnukwu mkpa akụkọ ihe mere eme n'ofe mmepeanya dị iche iche, na-eje ozi dị ka ngosipụta a na-ahụ anya nke omenala, okpukperechi na echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Site na mmepeanya oge ochie dị ka Egypt, Mesopotemia, na Gris ruo na Renaissance na karịa, ihe osise ndị dị egwu ahapụla akara a na-apụghị ịzọchapụ anya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmadụ.

Bronze, nke a ma ama maka ike ya, ịdịte aka ya na adịghị ike ya, akwadowo ogologo oge maka imepụta nnukwu ọrụ ndị a. Àgwà ndị e bu pụta ụwa mere ka ndị na-akpụ ihe n’oge ochie kpụzie ma kpụzie nnukwu ihe oyiyi ndị guzoro ogologo oge. Usoro nkedo ahụ gụnyere nka nke ọma na nka nka, rụpụtara nnukwu ọkpụrụkpụ ọla bụ nke ghọrọ akara na-adịgide adịgide nke ike, ọnọdụ ime mmụọ na nka nka.

Enwere ike ịhụ njikọ Bronze na ihe ncheta n'ọrụ akara ngosi dị ka Colossus nke Rhodes, ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla nke ndị eze China oge ochie, na Michelangelo David. Ihe ndị a na-atụ egwu e kere eke, bụ́ ndị na-adịkarị karịa nke mmadụ, gosipụtara ike na ịdị ebube nke alaeze ukwu, chi ndị a ma ama, ma ọ bụ ndị dị ịrịba ama anwụghị anwụ.

Ihe osise ọla kọpa dị egwu pụtara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ọ bụghị naanị na ọnụnọ anụ ahụ ha kamakwa na akụkọ na ụkpụrụ ndị ha na-anọchi anya ya. Ha na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ọdịnala, na-enye nkọwa n'ime nkwenkwe, ịma mma, na ọchịchọ nke mmepeanya gara aga. Taa, ihe oyiyi ndị a dị egwu na-akpali ma na-akpali iche echiche, na-ejikọta ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọha mmadụ n'oge ochie na nke oge a ma na-echetara anyị ihe nketa nka anyị jikọtara ọnụ.

Ihe Ọkpụrụkpụ Ọlaeze Ama ama

Ka anyị leba anya n’ụfọdụ n’ime ihe a kpụrụ akpụ nke ọla kọpa nke kpalitere mmetụta karịrị oke ha n’ime obi na n’uche ndị na-ekiri ha;

• Colossus nke Rhodes
• Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe
• Nnukwu Buddha nke Kamakura
• Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu
• Mmiri Temple Buddha

Kọlọsi nke Rhodes (ihe dị ka 280 TOA, Rhodes, Gris)

Colossus nke Rhodes bụ aNnukwu ihe oyiyi ọlanke chi anyanwụ Gris Helios, nke e wuru n'obodo Gris oge ochie nke Rhodes n'àgwàetiti Gris nke otu aha ahụ. Otu n'ime ihe ebube asaa nke ụwa ochie, e wuru ya iji mee ememe nchebe nke obodo Rhodes na-aga nke ọma megide mwakpo nke Demetrius Poliorcetes, bụ onye ji nnukwu ndị agha na ndị agha mmiri nọchibidoro ya otu afọ.

Colossus nke Rhodes dị ihe dịka kubit 70, ma ọ bụ mita 33 (ụkwụ 108) n'ịdị elu - dịka ịdị elu nke ihe oyiyi nnwere onwe nke oge a site n'ụkwụ ruo okpueze - na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe oyiyi kachasị elu n'ụwa ochie. Ejiri ọla kọpa na ígwè mee ya, a na-echekwa na ọ ruru ihe dị ka tọn 30,000.

Colossus nke Rhodes ka emechara na 280 BC ma guzoro ihe karịrị afọ 50 tupu ala ọma jijiji bibie ya na 226 BC. A hapụrụ Kọlọsi nke dara ada n'ebe ahụ ruo 654 OA mgbe ndị agha Arab wakporo Rhodes ma mebie ihe oyiyi ahụ ma ree ọla ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpofu.

(Artist Rendition of The Colossus of Rhodes)

Colossus nke Rhodes bụ n'ezie nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla. O guzoro n’ala ala atọ nke dị ihe dị ka mita iri na ise (ụkwụ 49) n’ịdị elu, ihe akpụrụ akpụ ahụ n’onwe ya dịkwa ukwuu nke na ụkwụ ya gbasapụrụ iche dị ka obosara nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. E kwuru na Kọlọsi ahụ toro ogologo nke na ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike isi n'ụkwụ ya na-aga.

Akụkụ ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị nke Colossus nke Rhodes bụ otú e si arụ ya. E ji efere ọla kọpa were were rụọ ihe akpụrụ akpụ a kpụrụ akpụ n’ihe e ji ígwè rụọ. Nke a mere ka ihe oyiyi ahụ dị ọkụ nke ukwuu, n'agbanyeghị nnukwu nha ya.

Colossus nke Rhodes bụ otu n'ime ihe ebube ndị a kacha eme ememe n'oge ochie. Ọ bụ akara nke ike na akụ na ụba nke Rhodes, ọ na-akpalikwa ndị na-ese ihe na ndị edemede ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ. Nbibi ihe oyiyi ahụ bụ nnukwu mfu, ma ihe nketa ya na-adị ndụ. A ka na-ewere Colossus nke Rhodes dị ka otu n'ime ọrụ injinia kachasị ukwuu nke ụwa ochie, ọ na-anọgidekwa na-anọchi anya amamihe na ọchịchọ mmadụ.

Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe (1886, New York, USA)

(Ihe akpụrụ akpụ nke nnwere onwe)

Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe bụ nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ neoclassical na Liberty Island na New York Harbor na New York City, na United States. Ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa ahụ, onyinye ndị France nyere ndị United States, bụ onye France na-akpụ akpụ bụ Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi mere ya na Gustave Eiffel rụrụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ ya. A raara ihe oyiyi ahụ n’October 28, 1886.

Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe bụ otu n'ime akara ngosi kachasị ama na ụwa, ọ bụkwa ebe ndị njem na-ewu ewu. Ọ dị 151 ụkwụ (46 m) n'ogologo site na isi ruo n'elu ọkụ ahụ, ma ọ dị kilogram 450,000 (204,144 n'arọ). E ji ibé ọla kọpa kụchie ihe oyiyi ahụ ma dụkọta ya ọnụ. Ọla kọpa abanyela oxidized ka oge na-aga iji nye ihe oyiyi ahụ patina akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ pụrụ iche

Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe nwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ na-adọrọ mmasị. Ọwa ọ na-ejide bụ akara ngosi, na mbụ ọkụ ọkụ na-amụnye ya. Mbadamba ụrọ nke o ji n'aka ekpe ya nwere ụbọchị nke nkwupụta nnwere onwe, Julaị 4, 1776. Okpueze nke ihe oyiyi ahụ nwere spikes asaa, nke na-anọchi anya oke osimiri asaa na kọntinent asaa.

Ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe bụ akara siri ike nke nnwere onwe na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Ọ nabatara ọtụtụ nde ndị kwabatara na United States, ọ na-aga n'ihu na-akpali ndị mmadụ gburugburu ụwa.

Nnukwu Buddha nke Kamakura (1252, Kamakura, Japan)

The Great Buddha of Kamakura (Kamakura Daibutsu) bụ annukwu ihe oyiyi ọlanke Amida Buddha, nke dị na ụlọ nsọ Kotoku-na Kamakura, Japan. Ọ bụ otu n'ime akara ngosi ama ama na Japan ma bụrụ saịtị UNESCO World Heritage Site.

(Buddha ukwu nke Kamakura)

Ihe oyiyi a dị mita 13.35 (43.8 ft) ogologo ma tụọ tọn 93 (ton 103). Emere ya na 1252, n'oge Kamakura, ma bụrụ ihe oyiyi Buddha ọla nke abụọ na Japan, na-esote nnukwu Buddha nke Nara.

Ihe oyiyi ahụ nwere oghere, ndị ọbịa nwere ike ịrịgo n'ime ka ha hụ ime ya. A na-eji ihe osise na ihe osise ndị okpukpe Buda chọọ ime ime ahụ mma.

Otu n'ime ihe na-adọrọ mmasị nke nnukwu Buddha bụ otú e si wụnye ya. A tụrụ ihe oyiyi ahụ n'otu akụkụ, nke bụ ihe siri ike ịrụzu n'oge ahụ. A na-eji usoro wax furu efu kpụrụ ihe oyiyi a, nke bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya ma na-ewe oge.

Nnukwu Buddha nke Kamakura bụ akụ mba Japan ma bụrụ ebe ndị njem na-ewu ewu. Ihe oyiyi a bụ ihe ncheta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala Japan bara ụba ma bụrụ akara nke udo na ịdị jụụ.
Nke a bụ ụfọdụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị gbasara nnukwu Buddha nke Kamakura:

E ji ọla kọpa gbazere na mkpụrụ ego ndị China mere ihe oyiyi ahụ. Ọ bụ n’ụlọ nsọ dị na mbụ, ma oké mmiri ozuzo bibiri ụlọ nzukọ ahụ na 1498. Ala ọma jijiji na ajọ ifufe emebiwo ihe oyiyi ahụ kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, ma a na-arụzigharị ya mgbe ọ bụla.

Ọ bụrụ na ị nọ na Japan, jide n'aka na ị ga-aga na nnukwu Buddha nke Kamakura. Ọ bụ n'ezie egwu na-atụ egwu na ihe ncheta maka ịma mma na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Japan.

Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu (2018, Gujarat, India)

Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu bụ annukwu ihe oyiyi ọlaOnye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị India na onye na-akwado nnwere onwe Vallabhbhai Patel (1875 – 1950), onye bụ osote onye isi ala mbụ na onye minista ime obodo nke India nweere onwe ya na onye na-akwado Mahatma Gandhi. Ihe oyiyi a dị na Gujarat, India, na Osimiri Narmada dị na mpaghara Kevadiya, chere Sardar Sarovar Dam 100 kilomita (62 mi) ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obodo Vadodara.

Ọ bụ ihe oyiyi kachasị elu n'ụwa, nke nwere ịdị elu nke mita 182 (597 ft), ma raara onwe ya nye ọrụ Patel na ijikọ steeti ndị isi 562 nke India n'ime otu Union of India.

(Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu)

Ihe atụ nke mmekọ ọha na eze wuru nnukwu ihe oyiyi ọla ahụ, nke ọtụtụ ego sitere na Gọọmenti Gujarat. A malitere ịrụ ihe oyiyi a n'afọ 2013 wee wuchaa ya n'afọ 2018. Emebere ihe oyiyi a na 31 October 2018, na ncheta ọmụmụ Patel 143rd.

Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu bụ nke e ji ọla kọpa kpuchie nchara nchara ma tụọ tọn 6,000. Ọ bụ ihe oyiyi kachasị ogologo n'ụwa ma toro ogologo karịa ihe oyiyi nke nnwere onwe site n'ịdị elu ya okpukpu abụọ.

Ihe oyiyi ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ebe ngosi ihe nkiri n'elu isi, nke na-enye echiche panoramic nke mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu. Ihe oyiyi ahụ nwekwara ebe ngosi nka, nke na-akọ akụkọ ndụ Patel na ihe ndị ọ rụzuru.

Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu bụ ebe ndị njem na-ewu ewu ma na-adọta ọtụtụ nde ndị ọbịa kwa afọ. Ọ bụ akara nke mpako mba na India ma bụrụ ihe ncheta maka ọrụ Patel n'ime ka obodo ahụ dị n'otu.
Nke a bụ ụfọdụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị gbasara Statue of Unity:

Ihe oyiyi ahụ bụ puku tọn isii nke ọla kọpa, nke ya na enyí 500 dị arọ. Ntọala ya dị mita 57 (187 ft) miri emi, nke dị omimi dị ka ụlọ nwere okpukpu iri abụọ.
Ebe a na-ekiri ihe oyiyi a nwere ike ịnabata mmadụ 200 n'otu oge. A na-amụnye ihe oyiyi a n'abalị ma enwere ike ịhụ ya site na ihe ruru kilomita 30 (19 mi).

Ihe oyiyi nke ịdị n'otu bụ ihe oyiyi dị egwu n'ezie ma bụrụ ihe akaebe maka ọhụụ na mkpebi siri ike nke ndị wuru ya. Ọ bụ akara nke mpako mba na India ma bụrụ ihe ncheta maka ọrụ Patel n'ime ka obodo ahụ dị n'otu.

Ihe oyiyi Buddha Temple Spring

The Spring Temple Buddha bụ annukwu ihe oyiyi ọlaVairocana Buddha dị na mpaghara Henan nke China. Ọ bụ ihe oyiyi nke abụọ kachasị ogologo n'ụwa, na-esote Statue of Unity na India. A na-eji ọla kọpa mee Buddha Temple Spring ma dị mita 128 (420 ụkwụ) n'ogologo, na-agụnyeghị oche oche lotus nke ọ nọ ọdụ. Ngụkọta elu nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, gụnyere ocheeze, bụ mita 208 (ụkwụ 682). Ihe oyiyi a dị tọn 1,100.

(Bud Temple Spring)

Ewubere Buddha Temple Temple n'etiti 1997 na 2008. Ọ bụ òtù Buddhist Chan nke China nke Fo Guang Shan wuru ya. Ihe oyiyi a dị na Fodushan Scenic Area, bụ ebe ndị njem na-ewu ewu na China.

The Spring Temple Buddha bụ ihe ịrịba ama omenala na okpukpe na China. Ọ bụ ebe ndị Buddha si n'akụkụ ụwa niile na-aga njem njem. Ihe oyiyi a bụkwa ebe ndị njem na-amakarị, a na-eme atụmatụ na ihe karịrị nde mmadụ iri na-abịa eleta ihe oyiyi ahụ kwa afọ.

Na mgbakwunye na nha ya na ịdị arọ ya, Buddha Temple Temple bụkwa ihe a ma ama maka nkọwa ya dị mgbagwoju anya. Ihu ihe kpụrụ akpụ ahụ dị jụụ ma dịkwa jụụ, a chọkwara uwe mwụda ya nke ọma. E ji kristal mee anya ihe kpụrụ akpụ, ekwuru na ha na-egosipụta ìhè anyanwụ na ọnwa.

Buddha Temple Temple bụ nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla nke na-egosi nka na nka nke ndị China. Ọ bụ akara nke udo, olile anya na nghọta, na ọ bụ ihe a ga-ahụrịrị maka onye ọ bụla na-eleta China.